On September 1st the cable, however, entirely failed, and it being recognized that it was faulty in design and construction, no further operations in connection therewith were undertaken. In 1865, Mr. Cyrus Field's persistent energy having resuscitated Atlantic Telegraphy, a second company was organized and a new cable of a stronger type was manufactured by the Telegraph Construction and Maintenance Company of England. The steamship Great Eastern, with Capt. James Anderson (Commodore of the Cunard Line) as commander, was chartered to lay it. The cable having been coiled in tanks on board, the great ship commenced paying out the cable from Valentia, Ireland, on the evening of July 23d, 1865, and, after various mishaps, succeeded in laying it to within six hundred miles of Heart's Content, Newfoundland. There, on the 2d of August, the cable parted in the deepest water of the Atlantic. Attempts to recover it were fruitless and were abandoned until the following year.

In the interval, through Mr. Cyrus Field's continued perseverance, aided by Mr. Pender (now Sir John Pender), who gave his personal guarantee for a large sum of money, a new company was formed, another cable made, and early in July 1866, the Great Eastern, with her new cargo, proceeded once more to Valentia, and commenced paying out her second cable. This was successfully accomplished, and the American end safely landed at Heart's Content on the 27th day of July. The expedition then returned to the spot where the cable of the previous year had been lost, and, after much effort, the Great Eastern recovered and completed it to Heart's Content. Europe and America were thus connected by two submarine cables, and electrical communication between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres has been unbroken ever since. The successful grappling and lifting of the broken cable, unquestionably due to the great seamanship of Capt. Anderson (now Sir James Anderson), gave submarine telegraphy a great impetus, cables have since rapidly multiplied, and we have at the present moment lines running to every important point on the globe, aggregating 139,600 miles. The Atlantic Ocean is now spanned by ten cables, in more or less continuous operation.

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